Compiling for Windows

INFO

This page describes how to compile Windows editor and export template binaries from source. If you're looking to export your project to Windows instead, read Exporting For Windows.

Requirements

For compiling under Windows, the following is required:

A C++ compiler. Use one of the following:
- Visual Studio Community, version 2019 or later. Visual Studio 2022 is recommended. Make sure to enable C++ in the list of workflows to install. If you've already installed Visual Studio without C++ support, run the installer again; it should present you a Modify button. Supports x86_64, x86_32, and arm64.
- MinGW-w64 with GCC can be used as an alternative to Visual Studio. Be sure to install/configure it to use the posix thread model. Important: When using MinGW to compile the master branch, you need GCC 9 or later. Supports x86_64 and x86_32 only.
- MinGW-LLVM with clang can be used as an alternative to Visual Studio and MinGW-w64. Supports x86_64, x86_32, and arm64.
Python 3.8+. Make sure to enable the option to add Python to the PATH in the installer.
SCons 4.0+ build system. Using the latest release is recommended, especially for proper support of recent Visual Studio releases.

NOTE

If you have Scoop installed, you can easily install MinGW and other dependencies using the following command

scoop install gcc python scons make mingw

NOTE

If you have MSYS2 installed, you can easily install MinGW and other dependencies using the following command

pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-python3-pip mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc  \
    mingw-w64-i686-python3-pip mingw-w64-i686-gcc make

For each MSYS2 MinGW subsystem, you should then run pip3 install scons in its shell.

INFO

To get the Redot source code for compiling, see Getting Source.

For a general overview of SCons usage for Redot, see Introduction To The Buildsystem.

Setting up SCons

To install SCons, open the command prompt and run the following command

python -m pip install scons

If you are prompted with the message Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable, you may have to run that command again using elevated permissions. Open a new command prompt as an Administrator then run the command again to ensure that SCons is available from the PATH.

To check whether you have installed Python and SCons correctly, you can type python --version and scons --version into a command prompt (cmd.exe).

If the commands above don't work, make sure to add Python to your PATH environment variable after installing it, then check again. You can do so by running the Python installer again and enabling the option to add Python to the PATH.

If SCons cannot detect your Visual Studio installation, it might be that your SCons version is too old. Update it to the latest version with python -m pip install --upgrade scons.

Downloading Redot's source

Refer to Getting Source for detailed instructions.

The tutorial will assume from now on that you placed the source code in C:\Redot.

WARNING

To prevent slowdowns caused by continuous virus scanning during compilation, add the Redot source folder to the list of exceptions in your antivirus software.

For Windows Defender, hit the Windows key, type "Windows Security" then hit Enter. Click on Virus & threat protection on the left panel. Under Virus & threat protection settings click on Manage Settings and scroll down to Exclusions. Click Add or remove exclusions then add the Redot source folder.

Compiling

Selecting a compiler

SCons will automatically find and use an existing Visual Studio installation. If you do not have Visual Studio installed, it will attempt to use MinGW instead. If you already have Visual Studio installed and want to use MinGW-w64, pass use_mingw=yes to the SCons command line. Note that MSVC builds cannot be performed from the MSYS2 or MinGW shells. Use either cmd.exe or PowerShell instead. If you are using MinGW-LLVM, pass both use_mingw=yes and use_llvm=yes to the SCons command line.

TIP

During development, using the Visual Studio compiler is usually a better idea, as it links the Redot binary much faster than MinGW. However, MinGW can produce more optimized binaries using link-time optimization (see below), making it a better choice for production use. This is particularly the case for the GDScript VM which performs much better with MinGW compared to MSVC. Therefore, it's recommended to use MinGW to produce builds that you distribute to players.

All official Redot binaries are built in custom containers using MinGW.

Running SCons

After opening a command prompt, change to the root directory of the engine source code (using cd) and type:

C:\Redot> scons platform=windows

NOTE

When compiling with multiple CPU threads, SCons may warn about pywin32 being missing. You can safely ignore this warning.

TIP

If you are compiling Redot to make changes or contribute to the engine, you may want to use the SCons options dev_build=yes or dev_mode=yes. See Introduction To The Buildsystem for more info.

If all goes well, the resulting binary executable will be placed in C:\Redot\bin\ with the name Redot.windows.editor.x86_32.exe or Redot.windows.editor.x86_64.exe. By default, SCons will build a binary matching your CPU architecture, but this can be overridden using arch=x86_64, arch=x86_32, or arch=arm64.

This executable file contains the whole engine and runs without any dependencies. Running it will bring up the Project Manager.

TIP

If you are compiling Redot for production use, you can make the final executable smaller and faster by adding the SCons option production=yes. This enables additional compiler optimizations and link-time optimization.

LTO takes some time to run and requires up to 30 GB of available RAM while compiling (depending on toolchain). If you're running out of memory with the above option, use production=yes lto=none or production=yes lto=thin (LLVM only) for a lightweight but less effective form of LTO.

NOTE

If you want to use separate editor settings for your own Redot builds and official releases, you can enable Data Paths Self Contained Mode by creating a file called ._sc_ or _sc_ in the bin/ folder.

Compiling with support for Direct3D 12

By default, builds of Redot do not contain support for the Direct3D 12 graphics API.

You can install the required dependencies by running python misc/scripts/install_d3d12_sdk_windows.py in the Redot source repository. After running this script, add the d3d12=yes SCons option to enable Direct3D 12 support. This will use the default paths for the various dependencies, which match the ones used in the script.

You can find the detailed steps below if you wish to set up dependencies manually, but the above script handles everything for you (including the optional PIX and Agility SDK components).

godot-nir-static library. We compile the Mesa libraries you will need into a static library. Download it anywhere, unzip it and remember the path to the unzipped folder, you will need it below.

NOTE

You can optionally build the Redot-nir-static libraries yourself with the following steps:

Install the Python package mako which is needed to generate some files.
Clone the godot-nir-static directory and navigate to it.
Run the following

git submodule update --init
./update_mesa.sh
scons

If you are building with MinGW-w64, add use_mingw=yes to the scons command, you can also specify build architecture using arch={architecture}. If you are building with MinGW-LLVM, add both use_mingw=yes and use_llvm=yes to the scons command.

If you are building with MinGW and the binaries are not located in the PATH, add mingw_prefix="/path/to/mingw" to the scons command.

Mesa static library should be built using the same compiler and the same CRT (if you are building with MinGW) you are using for building Redot.

Optionally, you can compile with the following for additional features:

PIX is a performance tuning and debugging application for Direct3D12 applications. If you compile-in support for it, you can get much more detailed information through PIX that will help you optimize your game and troubleshoot graphics bugs. To use it, download the WinPixEventRuntime package. You will be taken to a NuGet package page where you can click "Download package" to get it. Once downloaded, change the file extension to .zip and unzip the file to some path.
Agility SDK can be used to provide access to the latest Direct3D 12 features without relying on driver updates. To use it, download the latest Agility SDK package. You will be taken to a NuGet package page where you can click "Download package" to get it. Once downloaded, change the file extension to .zip and unzip the file to some path.

NOTE

If you use a preview version of the Agility SDK, remember to enable developer mode in Windows; otherwise it won't be used.

NOTE

If you want to use a PIX with MinGW build, navigate to PIX runtime directory and use the following commands to generate import library

# For x86-64:
gendef ./bin/x64/WinPixEventRuntime.dll
dlltool --machine i386:x86-64 --no-leading-underscore -d WinPixEventRuntime.def -D WinPixEventRuntime.dll -l ./bin/x64/libWinPixEventRuntime.a

# For ARM64:
gendef ./bin/ARM64/WinPixEventRuntime.dll
dlltool --machine arm64 --no-leading-underscore -d WinPixEventRuntime.def -D WinPixEventRuntime.dll -l ./bin/ARM64/libWinPixEventRuntime.a

When building Redot, you will need to tell SCons to use Direct3D 12 and where to look for the additional libraries:

C:\Redot> scons platform=windows d3d12=yes mesa_libs=<...>

Or, with all options enabled:

C:\Redot> scons platform=windows d3d12=yes mesa_libs=<...> agility_sdk_path=<...> pix_path=<...>

NOTE

For the Agility SDK's DLLs you have to explicitly choose the kind of workflow. Single-arch is the default (DLLs copied to bin/). If you pass agility_sdk_multi_arch=yes to SCons, you'll opt-in for multi-arch. DLLs will be copied to the appropriate bin/<arch>/ subdirectories and at runtime the right one will be loaded.

Compiling with ANGLE support

ANGLE provides a translation layer from OpenGL ES 3.x to Direct3D 11 and can be used to improve support for the Compatibility renderer on some older GPUs with outdated OpenGL drivers and on Windows for ARM.

By default, Redot is built with dynamically linked ANGLE, you can use it by placing libEGL.dll and libGLESv2.dll alongside the executable.

NOTE

You can use dynamically linked ANGLE with export templates as well, rename aforementioned DLLs to libEGL.{architecture}.dll and libGLESv2.{architecture}.dll and place them alongside export template executables, and libraries will be automatically copied during the export process.

To compile Redot with statically linked ANGLE:

Download pre-built static libraries from godot-nir-static library, and unzip them.
When building Redot, add angle_libs={path} to tell SCons where to look for the ANGLE libraries

scons platform=windows angle_libs=<...>

NOTE

You can optionally build the Redot-angle-static libraries yourself with the following steps:

Clone the godot-angle-static directory and navigate to it.
Run the following command

git submodule update --init
./update_angle.sh
scons

If you are buildng with MinGW, add use_mingw=yes to the command, you can also specify build architecture using arch={architecture}. If you are building with MinGW-LLVM, add both use_mingw=yes and use_llvm=yes to the scons command.

If you are building with MinGW and the binaries are not located in the PATH, add mingw_prefix="/path/to/mingw" to the scons command.

ANGLE static library should be built using the same compiler and the same CRT (if you are building with MinGW) you are using for building Redot.

Development in Visual Studio

Using an IDE is not required to compile Redot, as SCons takes care of everything. But if you intend to do engine development or debugging of the engine's C++ code, you may be interested in configuring a code editor or an IDE.

Folder-based editors don't require any particular setup to start working with Redot's codebase. To edit projects with Visual Studio they need to be set up as a solution.

You can create a Visual Studio solution via SCons by running SCons with the vsproj=yes parameter, like this

scons platform=windows vsproj=yes

You will be able to open Redot's source in a Visual Studio solution now, and able to build Redot using Visual Studio's Build button.

INFO

See Configuring An Ide Vs for further details.

Cross-compiling for Windows from other operating systems

If you are a Linux or macOS user, you need to install MinGW-w64, which typically comes in 32-bit and 64-bit variants, or MinGW-LLVM, which comes as a single archive for all target architectures. The package names may differ based on your distribution, here are some known ones:

Arch Linux	`pacman -Sy mingw-w64`
Debian / Ubuntu	`apt install mingw-w64`
Fedora	`dnf install mingw64-gcc-c++ mingw64-winpthreads-static \ mingw32-gcc-c++ mingw32-winpthreads-static`
macOS	`brew install mingw-w64`
Mageia	`urpmi mingw64-gcc-c++ mingw64-winpthreads-static \ mingw32-gcc-c++ mingw32-winpthreads-static`

Before attempting the compilation, SCons will check for the following binaries in your PATH environment variable

# for MinGW-w64
i686-w64-mingw32-gcc
x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc

# for MinGW-LLVM
aarch64-w64-mingw32-clang
i686-w64-mingw32-clang
x86_64-w64-mingw32-clang

If the binaries are not located in the PATH (e.g. /usr/bin), you can define the following environment variable to give a hint to the build system

export MINGW_PREFIX="/path/to/mingw"

Where /path/to/mingw is the path containing the bin directory where i686-w64-mingw32-gcc and x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc are located (e.g. /opt/mingw-w64 if the binaries are located in /opt/mingw-w64/bin).

To make sure you are doing things correctly, executing the following in the shell should result in a working compiler (the version output may differ based on your system)

${MINGW_PREFIX}/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc --version
# x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc (GCC) 13.2.0

NOTE

If you are building with MinGW-LLVM, add use_llvm=yes to the scons command.

NOTE

When cross-compiling for Windows using MinGW-w64, keep in mind only x86_64 and x86_32 architectures are supported. MinGW-LLVM supports arm64 as well. Be sure to specify the right arch= option when invoking SCons if building from a different architecture.

Troubleshooting

Cross-compiling from some Ubuntu versions may lead to this bug, due to a default configuration lacking support for POSIX threading.

You can change that configuration following those instructions, for 64-bit

sudo update-alternatives --config x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc
<choose x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc-posix from the list>
sudo update-alternatives --config x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++
<choose x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++-posix from the list>

And for 32-bit

sudo update-alternatives --config i686-w64-mingw32-gcc
<choose i686-w64-mingw32-gcc-posix from the list>
sudo update-alternatives --config i686-w64-mingw32-g++
<choose i686-w64-mingw32-g++-posix from the list>

Creating Windows export templates

Windows export templates are created by compiling Redot without the editor, with the following flags:

C:\Redot> scons platform=windows target=template_debug arch=x86_32
C:\Redot> scons platform=windows target=template_release arch=x86_32
C:\Redot> scons platform=windows target=template_debug arch=x86_64
C:\Redot> scons platform=windows target=template_release arch=x86_64
C:\Redot> scons platform=windows target=template_debug arch=arm64
C:\Redot> scons platform=windows target=template_release arch=arm64

If you plan on replacing the standard export templates, copy these to the following location, replacing <version> with the version identifier (such as 4.2.1.stable or 4.3.dev):

%APPDATA%\Redot\export_templates\<version>\

With the following names

windows_debug_x86_32_console.exe
windows_debug_x86_32.exe
windows_debug_x86_64_console.exe
windows_debug_x86_64.exe
windows_debug_arm64_console.exe
windows_debug_arm64.exe
windows_release_x86_32_console.exe
windows_release_x86_32.exe
windows_release_x86_64_console.exe
windows_release_x86_64.exe
windows_release_arm64_console.exe
windows_release_arm64.exe

However, if you are using custom modules or custom engine code, you may instead want to configure your binaries as custom export templates here:

Select matching architecture in the export config.

You don't need to copy them in this case, just reference the resulting files in the bin\ directory of your Redot source folder, so the next time you build, you will automatically have the custom templates referenced.